Passive Intermodulation References

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Betts, J. A. and Ebenezer, D. R.: 'Generation of Intermodulation Interference Due to Nonlinear Effects in the Near- Field Regions of Multiple-Transmission Communication Systems'. Proc. AGARD Conf. on Aerospace Telecommunication Systems. May 1972, pp. 25.1-25.12

Betts, J. A. and Ebenezer, D. R.: 'Intermodulation Interference in Mobile Multiple-Transmission Communication Systems Operating at High Frequencies (3-30 MHz)'. Proc. IEE, 1973, 120, (11), pp. 1337- 1344

Ho, P.S.W., et al.: 'Intermodulation Interference in Radio Systems'. AGARD (NATO) Conf. on Effects of Electromagnetic Noise and Interference on Performance of Military Communication Systems. Portugal, 1987, AGARD- CP-420, pp. 30/1-30/8

Lee, J. C.: 'Intermodulation Measurement and Analysis of Some Conducting Materials Commonly Used in Aerospace'. IEEE Int. Conf. on Communications, Vol. 2, June 1980, pp. 25.6.1-25.6.6

Lee, J. C.: 'Intermodulation Measurement in the UHF Band and an Analysis of Some Basic Conducting Materials'. TN 1979-70, Lincoln Lab., MIT, USA, November 1977

Watson, A. W. D.: 'Improvements in the Suppression of External Non-linearities ( 'Rusty Bolt' Effects) which Affect Naval Radio Systems'. IEEE Int. Symp. on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1983, pp. 157-160

Watson, A. W. D.: 'The Measurement, Detection, Location and Suppression of External Non-linearities which Affect Radio Systems'. IERE Conf. on Electromagnetic Compatibility, 1980, pp. 1-10

Lui, P. L., et al.: 'Measurement of Intermodulation Products Generated by Structural Components'. Electron. Lett. 1988. 24. (16), pp. 1005-1007

Cox, R.D.: 'Measurements of Waveguide Components and Joint Mixing Products in 6 GHz Frequency Dversity Systems'. IEEE Trans. 1970. COM-18, (1), pp.33-37

Fudge, R. E.: 'The Re-Engineering of VHF Mobile Radio Services in the United Kingdom'. Ph.D. Thesis. City University, UK. 1984

Siegenthaler, J. and Stager, G.: 'The Measurement of Microwave Intermodulation Effects on Passive Components and Systems Parts'. Conf. on Microwave and Optoelectronics. West Germany. March 1988, pp. 1A-5/1-9

Woody, J. A. and Shands, T. G.: 'Investigation of Intermodulation Products Generated in Coaxial Cables and Connectors'. RADC-TR-82-240. Georgia Institute of Technology, USA. September 1982

Shands, T. G., et al.: 'Intermodulation Interference Generated in Coaxial Cables and Connectors'. National Symp. on Electromagnetic Compatibility, USA. 1984, pp. 293-297

Lui, P.L., et al.: 'A Survey of Non-linear Junction (Rusty-Bolt Effects) Detection Techniques'. IERE Int. Conf. on Land Mobile Radio. UK, December 1987

Sanli, H.: 'Nonlinear Effects in Contacts and Coaxial Cables at Microwave Frequencies'. Meng Thesis. University of Sheffield, UK, 1975

Arazm, F. and Benson, F. A.: 'Non-linearities in Metal Contacts at Microwave Frequencies'. IEEE Trans., 1980, 22, (3), pp. 142-149

Kumar, A.: 'Passive IM Products Threaten High-Power Satcom Systems'. Microwave & RF. December 1987, pp. 98-102

Sanli, H.: 'Nonlinear Effects at Contacts at Microwave Frequencies'. Ph.D. Thesis. Univ. of Sheffeild. UK, 1982

Blake, K. W.: 'External Crossmodulation in the 100 Mc/s Band'. J.IEE 1947. 94. Part III-A, pp.659- 662

Hoeber, C.F., et al.: 'Passive Intermodulation Product Generation in High Power Communications Satellites'. AIAA 11^th Conf. On Communication Satellite Systems. USA. March 1986, pp.361-374

Gardiner, J. G., et al,: 'Origins and Minimization of Intermodulation Outputs from Mobile Radio Base Station Multicouplers'. IERE Int. Conf. on Electromagnetic Compatibility. 1984, pp. 211-216

Young, C. E.: 'An Update on Intermodulation Generation by RF Connector Hardware Containg Ferromagnetic Materials'. 9^th Annual Connector Symp., 1976, pp. 266-283

Rootsey, J.V., et al.: 'USASCA HT-MT Terminals Program-Intermodulation Study Final Test Report'. WDL- TR5243. Philco-Ford Corp., USA. August 1973

Aspden, P. L., et al.: 'Microwave Imaging of Intermodulation Product Sources Applied to Reflector Antennas'. Proc. 6^th ICAP. 1989, pp.463-467

Elsner, R. F.: 'Comments on "Coaxial Cables as Sources of Intermodulation Interference at Microwave Frequencies"'. IEEE Trans., 1979, EMC-21, (1), pp. 66

Chapman, R.C., et al.: 'Hidden Threat: Multicarrier Passive Component IM Generation'. AIAA/CASI 6^th Conf. On Communication Satellite Systems. Canada, April 1976, pp.357-372

Aspden, P. L., et al.: 'Microwave Holographic Imaging of Intermodulation Product Generation Applied to Reflector Antennas' Proc. JINA. France. 1988, pp. 545-549

Kudsia, C. M.: 'A High Power Low Passive Intermodulation (PIM) UHF Duplexer for Space Application'. IEEE Int. Microwave Symp. Digest. 1979, pp. 437-439

Gardiner, J.G. and Fudge, R.E.: 'Aerials and Base Station Design'. Chap.4 in Holbeche, R.J. (Ed.): 'Land Mobile Radio Systems' (Peter Peregrinus. London, 1985), pp.53-59

Bond, C. D., et al.: 'Intermodulation Generated by Electron Tunneling Through Aluminum-oxide Films'. Proc. IEEE. December 1979. 67, pp. 1643-1652

Bayrak, M. and Benson, F. A.: 'Intermodulation Products from Non-linearities in Transmission Lines and Connectors at Microwave Frequencies'. Proc. IEE. 1975. 122, (4), pp. 361-367

Chamberlin, K.: 'Quantitative Analysis of Intermodulation Product Interference'. IEEE Trans, 1989. EMC- 31, (3), pp.316-319

Higa, W.H.: 'Spurious Signals Generated by Electron Tunneling on Large Reflector Antennas.' Proc. IEEE, 1975. 63, (2), pp. 306-313

Amin, M. B. and Benson, F. A.: 'Nonlinear Effects in Coaxial Cables at Microwave Frequencies'. Electron. Lett., 1977. 13. (25), pp. 768-770

Mieth, W.B.: 'A Cost-Effective Solution to Measurement of Hull-Generated Intermodulation Interference on US Navy Ships'. National Symposium on Electromagnetic compatibility, USA, May 1989, pp.186-189

Kong, A.K.C.: 'A Broadband Circular Polarized Antenna Feed with Low Passive Intermodulation Products'. Antennas & Propagation. Part I. Nov. 1978. IEE Conf. Publ. No. 169 pp. 373-37

Martin, R. H.: 'Intermodulation Product Generation Studies on Materials, Connectors and Structures'. IERE Int. Conf. on Electromagnetic Compatibility. April 1978, pp. 243-2508

'Passive Intermodulation Products in Antennas and Related Structures'. IEE Colloquium Digest No. 1989/94, June 1989

Guenzer, C. S.: 'Comments on "Spurious Signals Generated by Electron Tunneling on Large Reflector Antennas"'. Proc. IEEE, February 1976, 64, pp. 283

Elsner, R. F., et al.: 'Environmental Interference Study Aboard a Naval Vessel'. IEEE Electromagnetic compatibility Symp., 1968, pp. 330-338

Lui, P.L: A Study of Intermodulation Interference due to Non-linearities in Metallic Structures. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Kent, UK, February 1990

Nuding, E.: 'Non-linearities of Flange Connections in Transmission Lines Carrying High RF Power'. 4^th European Microwave Conf., 1974, pp. 613-618

Amin, M. B. and Benson, F. A.: 'Coaxial Cables as Sources of Intermodulation Interference at Microwave Frequencies'. IEEE Trans., 1978. 20. (3), pp. 376-384

Stauss, Bailey, Bond, Carosella and Ehrlich: 'Studies on the Reduction of Internodulation Generation in Communications Systems'. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C. (Ref: ADA086995)